NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5 Updates: What You Need to Know About The Most Recent Patch Release (5.1.1)

Last updated at Fri, 15 Dec 2023 14:53:38 GMT

On November 7th, the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) issued an update to SP 800-53, a NIST-curated catalog of controls that organizations can implement to effectively manage security and privacy risk. In this blog we’ll cover the new and updated controls within patch release 5.1.1, as well as review how Rapid7 InsightCloudSec helps security teams implement and continuously enforce them across their organizations. Let’s dive right in.

Updates to NIST SP 800-53 Compliance Pack: What You Need to Know About Revision 5.1.1

Unlike the large revision that occurred a few years back when Revision 5 was released - which brought with it nearly 270 control updates in aggregate - this update doesn’t have quite the far-reaching implications. That said, there are a few changes to be aware of. Release 5.1.1 added one new control with three supporting control enhancements, along with some minor grammar and formatting structure changes to other existing controls. Organizations are not mandated to implement the new control and have the option to defer implementation until SP 800-53 Release 6.0.0 is issued, however there is no defined timeline for when 6.0.0 will be released.

While there is no mandate at this time, the team here at Rapid7 generally advises our customers to adopt new patch releases immediately to ensure alignment with the most up-to-date best practices and that your team is covered for emerging attack vectors. In this case, we recommend adopting 5.1.1 primarily to ensure you’re effectively implementing encryption and authentication controls across your environment.

The newly-added control is Identification and Authentication (or IA-13) which states that organizations should “Employ identity providers and authorization servers to manage user, device, and non-person entity (NPE) identities, attributes, and access rights supporting authentication and authorization decisions.”

IA-13 has been broken down by NIST into three supporting control enhancements:

• IA-13 (01) - Cryptographic keys that protect access tokens are generated, managed, and protected from disclosure and misuse.
• IA-13 (02) - The source and integrity of identity assertions and access tokens are verified before granting access to system and information resources.
• IA-13 (03) - Assertions and access tokens are continuously refreshed, time-restricted, audience-restrained and revoked when necessary and after a defined period of non-use.

So, what does all that mean? Put simply, organizations should implement controls to effectively track and manage user and system entity permissions to ensure only authorized users are permitted access to corporate systems or data. This includes the proper use of encryption, hygiene and lifecycle management for access tokens.

This is, of course, a much needed and community-requested addition that speaks to the growing awareness and criticality of implementing checks and guardrails to mitigate identity-related risk. A key component of this equation is implementing a solution that can help you detect areas of your cloud environment that haven’t fully implemented these controls. This can be a particularly challenging thing to manage in a cloud environment, given its democratized nature, the sheer volume of identities and permissions that need to be managed and the ease with which improper allocation of permissions and privileges can occur.

Implement and Continuously Enforce NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5 with InsightCloudSec

InsightCloudSec allows security teams to establish and continuously measure compliance against organizational policies, whether they’re based on service provider best practices, a common industry framework, or a custom pack tailored to specific business needs.

A compliance pack within InsightCloudSec is a set of checks that can be used to continuously assess your cloud environments for compliance with a given regulatory framework, or industry or provider best practices. The platform comes out of the box with 40+ compliance packs, including a dedicated pack for NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5.1.1, which now provides an additional 14 insights that align to the newly-added IA-13.

The dedicated pack provides 367 Insights checking against 128 NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5.1.1 requirements that assess your multi cloud environment for compliance with the controls outlined by NIST. With extensive support for various resource types across all major cloud service providers (CSPs), security teams can confidently implement and continuously enforce compliance with SP 800-53 Rev 5.1.1.

InsightCloudSec continuously assesses your entire multi-cloud environment for compliance with one or more compliance packs and detects noncompliant resources within minutes after they are created or an unapproved change is made. If you so choose, you can make use of the platform’s native, no-code automation to contact the resource owner, or even remediate the issue—either via deletion or by adjusting the configuration or permissions—without any human intervention.

For more information about how to use InsightCloudSec to implement and enforce compliance standards like those outlined in NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5.1.1, be sure to check out the docs page! For more on our cloud identity and access management capabilities, we’ve got some additional information on that here.