GNU Emacs through 28.2 allows attackers to execute commands via shell metacharacters in the name of a source-code file, because lib-src/etags.c uses the system C library function in its implementation of the ctags program. For example, a victim may use the "ctags *" command (suggested in the ctags documentation) in a situation where the current working directory has contents that depend on untrusted input. A flaw was found in Etags, the Ctags implementation of Emacs. A file with a crafted filename may result in arbitrary command execution when processed by Etags.
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– Scott Cheney, Manager of Information Security, Sierra View Medical Center